Ensuring Electoral Integrity in India

Context

• The Election Commission of India (ECI) has acknowledged concerns about multiple voters with the same EPIC number.
• Broader electoral issues include electoral roll anomalies, EVM trust deficit, and transparency in Form 17C data—collectively termed as the “Infernal Trinity.”

Key Issues & Solutions

1. Electoral Roll Anomalies

• Unexplained voter deletions and additions raise concerns about manipulation.
• In Maharashtra (2024), voter registrations spiked, while in Delhi, mass deletions were reported.

A possible solution is for Electoral Registration Officers (EROs) to publish polling station lists where voter changes exceed 2-3% of the previous roll, making data accessible for scrutiny.

2. Transparency in Form 17C Data

• Delays in voter turnout publication create doubts about election fairness.

Ensuring timely online publication of polling station-wise data after official verification can enhance transparency.

3. Trust Deficit in EVMs

• Courts have upheld EVM reliability, yet skepticism persists.
• The debate continues between “whether EVMs have been manipulated” and “whether they can be manipulated.”

Possible solutions include conducting random 100% VVPAT counts in select constituencies, publishing EVM source codes, and fostering open engagement with critics to build trust.

Strengthening the Election Commission

• The ECI must reinforce public confidence by ensuring:
  • Impartial enforcement of the Model Code of Conduct (MCC).
  • Greater transparency in voter registration and turnout data.
  • Proactive reforms to address electoral concerns.

Conclusion

• Electoral transparency and accountability are essential for safeguarding democracy.
• Strengthening public trust through systematic reforms will uphold the credibility of India’s electoral process.