National Blockchain Framework: Securing India’s Digital Future

India is increasingly integrating blockchain technology across governance and public services.
The National Blockchain Framework (NBF) is a strategic initiative to develop a secure, transparent, and scalable digital governance infrastructure.
Blockchain’s potential to enhance trust, reduce corruption, and improve efficiency is central to this move.

Launch & Budget: Officially launched in September 2024 with a budget of ₹64.76 crore.
Purpose: Provides a unified architecture to deploy blockchain applications across public sectors.
Achievements: As of 21 October 2025, over 34 crore documents have been verified on blockchain platforms under the NBF.
Significance: Marks a major milestone in India’s digital governance journey.

Definition: A distributed, transparent, secure, and immutable digital ledger recording transactions across a network, ensuring data integrity without intermediaries.
Types:
- Public Blockchain: Open network; all nodes can verify transactions and add blocks.
- Private Blockchain: Permissioned network; ideal for government use with controlled access.
- Consortium Blockchain: Semi-decentralized, governed by multiple organizations.
- Hybrid Blockchain: Combines public and private features for selective access.
Core Strengths: Transparency, Immutability, Decentralization, Trust

Centralized databases are prone to fraud, data breaches, and inefficiency.
Blockchain’s tamper-proof architecture ensures:
- Verifiable trust without intermediaries
- Reduced corruption
- Faster service delivery
- Enhanced data integrity

Vishvasya Blockchain Stack
- Developed by NIC, it is the technical backbone of NBF.
- Features:
  - Blockchain-as-a-Service (BaaS): Deploy applications without building infrastructure
  - Distributed Infrastructure: Hosted across NIC Data Centres (Bhubaneswar, Pune, Hyderabad)
  - Permissioned Blockchain: Verified participants validate transactions
  - Open APIs: Integration with e-Governance platforms
NBFLite – Sandbox for Startups & Academia
- Lightweight version for innovation and experimentation
- Enables prototypes and use of smart contracts in governance
Praamaanik – App Verification System
- Verifies authenticity and source of mobile apps
- Ensures trust and safety in the digital marketplace
National Blockchain Portal
- Centralized platform documenting India’s blockchain strategy
- Promotes cross-sector adoption and standardization

Certificates & Document Chain: Prevents fraud and delays
- CBSE Certificate Chain for secure academic certificates
- Government documents: caste, income, birth/death certificates
- Verified 34 crore documents (Oct 2025)
Logistics Chain: Ensures traceability and transparency
- Example: Aushada medicine supply chain in Karnataka
Judiciary Chain: Digitizes judicial processes
- Enables electronic notices, summons, bail orders
- 665 documents verified
Inter-Operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS): Unified blockchain for police to judiciary
- 39,000+ documents verified
Property Chain: Secure property transaction records
- Over 34 crore property documents verified
Emerging Use Cases:
- Land Records, Blood Banks, GST Chain, PDS

National Strategy on Blockchain (MeitY): Goals include integration, standardization, and interoperability
Centre of Excellence (CoE – NIC): Provides consultancy, training, infrastructure, and global collaboration
TRAI: Uses Distributed Ledger Technology to reduce spam and fraud
RBI: Blockchain-enabled Digital Rupee (e₹) pilots for secure transactions
NSDL: Debenture Covenant Monitoring on blockchain for investor confidence

Skill Development Programs: 214+ programs, 21,000+ officials trained
PG Diploma in FinTech & Blockchain Development (PG-DFBD): 900-hour comprehensive course
BLEND Programme (C-DAC): Online training for students & professionals
FutureSkills PRIME: National initiative training youth in emerging technologies

The National Blockchain Framework embodies India’s vision for Digital India and Aatmanirbhar Bharat.
It ensures trust, transparency, efficiency, and interoperability across governance systems.
With over 34 crore verified documents and expanding applications in judiciary, finance, and public services, India is establishing itself as a global leader in blockchain governance, fostering innovation, skill development, and accountable digital growth.

Surce : PIB